The maxlength attribute limits the number of characters that an input
or textarea can accept.
Works for texty inputs like text, email, url, etc
For textareas: Chrome 10/Safari 5/Firefox 4/Mobile Safari on iOS 4.3.2 will cut off the text as-you-type, or truncate pasted text. Opera 11 and IE 10 PP2 will allow you to keep typing or paste beyond the limit, but validate the length after you submit (better).
For inputs: Chrome 10+ will cut off the text as-you-type. Opera 11 will allow you to keep typing, but validate the length after you submit.
There are cases where Opera 11 will show the validation message for a textarea
briefly but submit the form anyway (need reduced test cast).
Doesn't limit placeholder length. ALSO doesn't limit VALUE (a preset value will pass validation.)
IE 9 reports support on both inputs and textareas but only works on inputs. IE 10 PP2 brings support for both.